In addition to flying missions over Saipan, the P-47s attacked targets on other islands in the Marianas. In the early morning of 29 May 1943, the 50th Combat Engineers were the first U S Army unit encountered by the last Japanese troops on the island, making a suicide charge toward artillery atop Engineer Hill. The most comprehensive and authoritative history site on the Internet. All visitors may be screened with a metal detector upon entry. These airfields on Christmas, Canton, Samoa, Fiji, and New Caledonia were designed to provide an air corridor to the South Pacific that was more secure than the existing corridor, which ran from Hawaii to the Philippines through Wake and Guam and was located dangerously close to Japanese bases.9 This work foreshadowed the growing demand for expeditionary airfield construction capabilities that would heavily impact aviation engineer battalions in the Pacific. The views and opinions expressed or implied in. During the war 86 Engineer Aviation Battalions would be formed, numbered 801 through 886. Elements of the XXIV Corps were already at sea for the planned Yap landings. My grand uncle, 2nd Lt. Robert L. Woolfolk attended UCLA and I believe he graduated in 1936. During World War II, U.S. Army combat engineers were at the spearhead of fighting in all theaters, whether the battlefield was North Africas desert sands, Normandys fire-swept Omaha Beach, the Ardennes snowclad forest, or the Pacifics jungle-covered islands. On 13 June 1944 the First Construction Battalion was disestablished and its personnel assigned to other battalions. https://www.historynet.com/u-s-army-combat-engineers-1941-45/, Jerrie Mock: Record-Breaking American Female Pilot, Day One at Chancellorsville Hookers Big Mistake, Why? endstream endobj 3830 0 obj <>stream These exercises were designed to test the Armys readiness for modern, large-scale combat operations.5 During the exercises, the engineers improved runways at sites throughout Louisiana under field operating conditions.6 Engineers also studied reports from the British Armys operations in France in May and June 1940 that also emphasized the need for mobility.7 As a result, the Army focused on providing aviation engineer battalions with light, mobile equipment that could be moved to new locations relatively easily. As Field Manual 21-105: Engineer Soldiers Handbook (June 2, 1943) explained to trainees: You are going to make sure that our own troops move ahead against all opposition, and you are going to see to it that enemy obstacles do not interfere with our advance. 6 (Canberra: Australian War Memorial, 1961), 357. This regiment consisted of three aviation engineer battalions designed for independent operations and capable of independent airfield construction. While the post was initially designated as an. :k}g #30Fh~@H.V,HFH#j#'^h0m6:Bza l.bU_EG&(S1?121Ff_0:y*kX>1xGU^9\Zi The decision to bring the Leyte invasion forward caused significant logistical problems that delayed the construction and repair of airfields on Leyte when combined with other factors. Interesting.very hard to know the 'who hit who'..Fort had enough flying time to be a instructor, I know nothing about the other pilot. Accompanied by Australian infantry to provide ground security, the engineers brought in airmobile equipment to clear room for an airfield. As a professional researcher and World War II historian, Bill Beigel provides research services to . On 15th of March, 1955, all units of the 176th and 386th were redesignated as HHC, Company A, B, C, D, and E of the 386th Combat Engineer Battalion, located at Bryan, Lufkin, Brenham, Pasadena, Nacogdoches and Victoria Texas. Accordingly, the Army Corps of Engineers in June 1940 formed the first dedicated aviation engineer unit, the 21st Engineer Regiment (Aviation). Finally, in-person surveys of potential airfield sites proved invaluable. It would also be less affected by rain, a common occurrence in the South Pacific. 16 Casey, Engineers of the Southwest Pacific, 6:166; Craven and Cate, eds., The Army Air Forces, 7:28081; David Dexter, Australia in the War of 19391945, series 1, vol. Finally, the timetable change reduced the time available for aerial reconnaissance, forcing engineers to rely more on prewar maps to assess the terrain. Airfields in these locations would have allowed land-based fighters to cover the invasion of Leyte. 2 Joseph Trevithick, USAF Wants Units To Rapidly Build And Fly From New Bases In The Middle Of A Future War, The Warzone, September 19, 2018, https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/23682/usaf-wants-units-to-rapidly-build-and-fly-from-new-bases-in-the-middle-of-a-future-war; James Deboer, Marine Corps F-35Cs Make First Arrested Landings At An Expeditionary Airfield, The Warzone, December 9, 2020, https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/38068/marine-corps-f-35cs-make-first-arrested-landings-at-an-expeditionary-airfield. 26 Wesley Craven and James Cate, eds., The Army Air Forces in World War II, vol. The World War II Dead of University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Bill Beigel Researches Michigan WWII Casualties, MIAs, and POWs, Hometown Heroes Fresno Unveils New Veterans Memorial, Wee Willie and the photo that started it all, Captain Norman L. Aigner: An Ordinary Guy, Tomas Garzas Daughter Now I Dont Feel Empty, Fresno Marine Dies in Action in Pacific War Fresno Bee, Oct 21, 1944, Fresno Officer Dies in Action on German Front, Fresno Bee, April 3, 1945, The Pheley Brothers of Fresno, California, Fresno Soldier is Killed in French Fighting, Fresno Bee, September 26,1944, Bills WW2 Almanac for January 21: Featuring Col. Randys Flying Circus, Remembering the Fallen: WWII Veterans of UCLA, Major Robert C. Maze. 31 Craven and Cate, Army Air Forces in World War II, 5:375. If Pastor Jeff had information on her being talked into a situation, I would love to know if reliable. Combat engineers played important roles in numerous World War II battles, especially breaching the heavily fortified Siegfried Line protecting the German border and numerous defensive lines established by the Wehrmacht in Italy, including the Gustav Line. On the morning of 20 June, Army and Marine troops finished seizing the Japanese airfield at Aslito on Saipan. Stationed at Bhamo by 1 Aug 45 (assigned to North Burma Air Task Force), (10th Chinese Engineer Regiment, attached), (12th Chinese Engineer Regiment, attached), Constituted 16 January 1918 in the National Army at Fort Myer, Virginia, as the 2d Battalion, 37th Engineer Regiment, Demobilized in March 1919 at Camp Upton, New York, Reconstituted 1 October 1933 in the Regular Army as the 2d Battalion, 37th Engineers, Activated 14 July 1941 at Camp Bowie, Texas, Redesignated 1 August 1942 as the 2d Battalion, 37th Engineer Combat Regiment, Reorganized and redesignated 15 March 1943 as the 209th Engineer Combat Battalion, Inactivated 27 November 1945 at Camp Kilmer, New Jersey, Redesignated 29 April 1947 as the 27th Engineer Combat Battalion, Activated 18 September 1950 at Fort Lewis, Washington, Inactivated 26 October 1950 at Fort Lewis, Washington, Activated 1 March 1951 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, Redesignated 8 June 1953 as the 27th Engineer Battalion, (Lettered companies inactivated 17 October 2008 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky; Support Company concurrently constituted and activated), Vietnam: Counteroffensive, Phase II; Counteroffensive, Phase III; Tet Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase IV; Counteroffensive, Phase V; Counteroffensive, Phase VI; Tet 69/Counteroffensive; Summer-Fall 1969; Winter-Spring 1970; Sanctuary Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase VII; Consolidation I; Consolidation II, Southwest Asia: Defense of Saudi Arabia; Liberation and Defense of Kuwait, War on Terrorism: Campaigns to be determined, Presidential Unit Citation (Army), Streamer embroidered MYITKYINA, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1966-1967, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1967-1968, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1968-1969, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1969, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1970-1971, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered SOUTHWEST ASIA 1990-1991, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered AFGHANISTAN 2004, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered AFGHANISTAN 2006-2007, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered AFGHANISTAN 2009-2010, Army Superior Unit Award, Streamer embroidered 1990, Republic of Vietnam Civil Action Honor Medal, First Class, Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1967-1968, Republic of Vietnam Civil Action Honor Medal, First Class, Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1970, Moved to Camp Anza, CA (LA POE) 13 Aug 44, arriving 30 Aug 44, Moved from Dinjan, India to Waingmaw, Burma 8 Nov 44, Transfer from 10th AF (Bhamo) to 14th AF (Kunming) 15 Mar 45 (HQ moved 3 Apr 45), Constituted 1 October 1933 in the Regular Army as the 76th Engineer Company, Activated 1 June 1941 at Fort McClellan, Alabama, Reorganized and redesignated 6 October 1943 as the 76th Engineer Light Ponton Company, Inactivated 27 November 1945 at the New York Port of Embarkation, Redesignated 15 November 1946 as the 76th Engineer Light Equipment Company, Redesignated 18 December 1947 as the 76th Engineer Panel Bridge Transport Company, Activated 15 January 1948 at Camp Campbell, Kentucky, Reorganized and redesignated 3 March 1949 as the 76th Engineer Dump Truck Company, Reorganized and redesignated 1 April 1954 as the 76th Engineer Company, Activated 8 July 1957 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Inactivated 24 March 1962 at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, Activated 24 July 1964 at Fort Lee, Virginia, Activated 6 December 1969 at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii, Inactivated 5 April 1972 at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii, Activated 16 October 2005 at Fort Knox, Kentucky, Korean War:UN Defensive; UN Offensive; CCF Intervention; First UN Counteroffensive; CCF Spring Offensive; UN Summer-Fall Offensive; Second Korean Winter; Korea, Summer-Fall 1952; Third Korean Winter; Korea, Summer 1953, Vietnam:Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase II, War on Terrorism: Afghanistan: Consolidation II, Consolidation III, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered KOREA 1950-1951, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered AFGHANISTAN 2007-2008, Constituted 1 October 1933 in the Regular Army as the 77th Engineer Company, Activated 2 June 1941 at Fort Custer, Michigan, Reorganized and redesignated 1 April 1942 as the 77th Engineer Light Ponton Company, Redesignated 15 November 1946 as the 77th Engineer Combat Company, Assigned 27 February 1947 to the 25th Infantry Division, Inactivated 15 April 1953 in Korea and relieved from assignment to the 25th Infantry Division, Redesignated 8 May 1956 as the 77th Engineer Company, Activated 15 May 1956 at West Point, New York, Inactivated 15 May 1958 at West Point, New York, Activated 1 December 1961 at Fort Wainwright, Alaska, Inactivated 1 July 1963 at Fort Wainwright, Alaska, Activated 3 June 1966 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Inactivated 21 February 1973 at Fort Eustis, Virginia, Activated 16 September 2006 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, World War II:India-Burma; Central Burma, Korean War:UN Defensive; UN Offensive; CCF Intervention; First UN Counteroffensive; CCF Spring Offensive; UN Summer-Fall Offensive; Second Korean Winter; Korea, Summer-Fall 1952; Third Korean Winter, Constituted 24 March 1942 in the Regular Army as the 428th Engineer Company, Activated 22 April 1942 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, as the 428th Engineer Dump Truck Company, Inactivated 13 December 1945 at Fort Lewis, Washington, Redesignated 30 January 1947 as the 515th Engineer Dump Truck Company, Redesignated 22 March 1949 as the 515th Engineer Petroleum Distribution Company, Activated 16 May 1949 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Reorganized and redesignated 29 August 1951 as the 515th Engineer Pipeline Company, Redesignated 1 December 1953 as the 515th Engineer Company, Inactivated 21 December 1956 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Activated 22 March 1968 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, Inactivated 15 September 1995 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, Activated 16 May 2007 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, World War II: American Theater, Streamer without inscription; Aleutian Islands; China Offensive, Southwest Asia: Defense of Saudi Arabia; Liberation and Defense of Kuwait; Cease-Fire, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for ALCAN HIGHWAY, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for SOUTHWEST ASIA 1990-1991, Constituted 19 March 1942 in the Army of the United States as the 504th Engineer Company, Redesignated 1 April 1942 as the 504th Engineer Light Ponton Company, Activated 15 May 1942 at Camp Gordon, Georgia, Redesignated 8 May 1947 as the 380th Engineer Ponton Bridge Company and allotted to the Organized Reserves, Activated 30 May 1947 at Raleigh, North Carolina, Location changed 3 July 1947 to Rocky Mount, North Carolina, (Organized Reserves redesignated 25 March 1948 as the Organized Reserve Corps; redesignated 9 July 1952 as the Army Reserve), Location changed 25 March 1949 to Plymouth, North Carolina, Inactivated 1 September 1950 at Plymouth, North Carolina, Redesignated 8 May 1952 as the 380th Engineer Dump Truck Company, Activated 1 June 1952 at Burgaw, North Carolina, Reorganized and redesignated 28 February 1954 as the 380th Engineer Company, Location changed 28 May 1956 to Columbia, South Carolina, Inactivated 25 June 1959 at Columbia, South Carolina, Activated 16 September 2008 at Greenville, Mississippi, Ordered into active military service 3 January 2011 at Greenville, Mississippi, Constituted 16 February 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 1359th Engineer Dump Truck Company, Activated 1 March 1944 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, Inactivated 22 January 1946 at Fort Lawton, Washington, Redesignated 8 December 1954 as the 103d Engineer Company and allotted to the Regular Army, Activated 25 October 1954 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, Vietnam:Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase II; Counteroffensive, Phase III; Tet Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase IV; Counteroffensive, Phase V; Counteroffensive, Phase VI; Tet 69/Counteroffensive; Summer-Fall 1969; Winter-Spring 1970; Sanctuary Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase VII; Consolidation I; Consolidation II, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for VIETNAM 1966-1967, Republic of Vietnam Civil Action Honor Medal, First Class for VIETNAM 1967-1970, Constituted 13 August 1943 in the Army of the United States as the 778th Engineer Petroleum Distribution Company, Activated 14 August 1943 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, Inactivated 2 January 1946 at Camp Kilmer, New Jersey, Redesignated 12 September 1947 as the 336th Engineer Dump Truck Company, and allotted to the Organized Reserves, Activated 25 September 1947 at Bristol, Virginia, Reorganized and redesignated 20 July 1953 as the 336th Engineer Company, Location changed 19 April 1956 to Clintwood, Virginia, Inactivated 11 May 1959 at Clintwood, Virginia, Activated 16 September 2008 at Weirton, West Virginia, Constituted 13 August 1943 in the Army of the United States as the 780th Engineer Petroleum Distribution Company, Redesignated 22 September 1947 as the 333d Engineer Petroleum Distribution Company, and allotted to the Organized Reserves, Activated 7 October 1947 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Ordered into active military service 11 September 1950 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Reorganized and redesignated 23 July 1951 as the 333d Engineer Pipeline Company, Reorganized and redesignated 24 November 1953 as the 333d Engineer Company, Released from active military service 26 May 1955 and reverted to reserve status, Inactivated 20 July 1955 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Activated 1 December 1955 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Ordered into active military service 15 October 1961 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; released from active military service 4 August 1962 and reverted to reserve status, Inactivated 28 December 1965 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Activated 30 January 1968 at West Hazelton, Pennsylvania, Inactivated 13 July 1976 at West Hazelton, Pennsylvania, Activated 16 September 2008 at Reading, Pennsylvania, Constituted 9 March 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 1380th Engineer Petroleum Distribution Company, Activated 15 March 1944 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, Redesignated 2 October 1947 as the 304th Engineer Ponton Bridge Company and allotted to the Organized Reserves, Activated 22 October 1947 at Pontiac, Michigan, Location changed 24 June 1948 to Saginaw, Michigan, Inactivated 4 December 1950 at Saginaw, Michigan, Redesignated 16 April 1959 as the 304th Engineer Company, Activated 1 May 1959 at Saginaw, Michigan, Location changed 31 January 1962 to Battle Creek, Michigan, Inactivated 31 December 1965 at Battle Creek, Michigan, Activated 16 September 2008 at Lima, Ohio, Ordered into active military service 4 April 2014 at Lima, Ohio, Constituted 20 October 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 156th Engineer Service Detachment, Activated 30 December 1944 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, Reorganized and redesignated 11 June 1945 as the 156th Engineer Refrigeration Maintenance Detachment, Assigned 1 July 1947 to the 7th Infantry Division, Relieved 1 December 1948 from assignment to the 7th Infantry Division, Redesignated 6 May 1959 as the 156th Engineer Detachment and allotted to the Regular Army, Activated 25 June 1959 at Minneapolis, Minnesota, Inactivated 25 January 1965 at Minneapolis, Minnesota, Activated 4 May 1965 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Activated 1 September 1980 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, Inactivated 15 July 1988 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, World War II:Asiatic-Pacific Theater, Streamer without inscription, Vietnam:Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase II; Counteroffensive, Phase III; Tet Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase IV; Counteroffensive, Phase V; Counteroffensive, Phase VI; Tet 69/Counteroffensive; Summer-Fall 1969; Winter-Spring 1970; Sanctuary Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase VII; Consolidation I, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for VIETNAM 1968, Republic of Vietnam Civil Action Honor Medal, First Class for VIETNAM 1968-1970, 885th Airborne Engineer Battalion formed at Bradley Field, CT early 1943, 885th Airborne Engineer Battalion disbanded Dec 1943, HQ Co. redesignated 2070th Aviation Engineering, Utility and Firefighting Detachment, Co. A redesignated 2071st Aviation Engineering, Utility and Firefighting Detachment, Co. B redesignated 2072nd Aviation Engineering, Utility and Firefighting Detachment, Co. C redesignated 2073d Aviation Engineering, Utility and Firefighting Detachment, All units arrived in Salua Air Field, India, Apr 1944 and redesignated Aviation Engineer Utility and Fire Fighting Detachments, Constituted 13 January 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 2087th Engineer Aviation Fire Fighting Platoon, Activated 20 January 1944 at Tallahassee, Florida, Inactivated 19 January 1946 at Ondal, India, Redesignated 21 June 1948 as the 475th Engineer Fire Fighting Platoon and allotted to the Organized Reserve Corps, Activated 15 July 1948 at San Francisco, California, Inactivated 30 November 1950 at San Francisco, California, (Organized Reserve Corps redesignated on 9 July 1952 as the Army Reserve), Redesignated 5 November 1962 as the 475th Engineer Platoon, Activated 23 January 1963 at Bell, California, Location changed 10 June 1964 to Bakersfield, California, Inactivated 29 February 1968 at Bakersfield, California, Activated 1 March 1974 at El Dorado, Kansas, Ordered into active military service 15 November 1990 at El Dorado, Kansas; released from active military service 24 April 1991 and reverted to reserve status, Location changed 16 September 1996 to Creston, Iowa, Reorganized and redesignated 16 September 1998 as the 475th Engineer Detachment, Detachment ordered into active military service 7 February 2003 at Creston, Iowa; remainder of unit ordered into active military service 7 December 2003 at Creston, Iowa, Detachment released from active military service 2 May 2004 and reverted to reserve status; remainder of unit released from active military service 3 Jun 2005 and reverted to reserve status, Inactivated 15 September 2011 at Creston, Iowa, Activated 16 September 2016 at Vicksburg, Mississippi, Constituted 20 October 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 3132d Engineer Service Detachment, Redesignated 11 June 1945 as the 3132d Engineer Refrigeration Maintenance Detachment, Redesignated 30 September 1966 as the 132d Engineer Detachment and allotted to the Regular Army, Activated 1 December 1966 at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, Activated 1 August 1988 at Fort McPherson, Georgia, World War II: Asiatic-Pacific Theater, Streamer without inscription, Vietnam: Counteroffensive, Phase II; Counteroffensive, Phase III; Tet Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase IV; Counteroffensive, Phase V, Constituted 20 October 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 3133d Engineer Service Detachment, Redesignated 11 June 1945 as the 3133d Engineer Refrigeration Maintenance Detachment, Redesignated 30 September 1966 as the 133d Engineer Detachment and allotted to the Regular Army, Activated 1 August 1988 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, Inactivated 15 September 1995 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, Activated 16 February 2010 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, Constituted 20 October 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 3136th Engineer Service Detachment, Redesignated 11 June 1945 as the 3136th Engineer Refrigeration Maintenance Detachment, Redesignated 13 October 1966 as the 94th Engineer Detachment and allotted to the Regular Army, Activated 1 January 1967 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, Activated 1 March 1987 at Fort Lewis, Washington, Inactivated 15 August 1988 at Fort Lewis, Washington, Activated 17 October 2005 at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, Vietnam:Counteroffensive, Phase II; Counteroffensive, Phase III; Tet Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase IV; Counteroffensive, Phase V; Counteroffensive, Phase VI; Tet 69/Counteroffensive; Summer-Fall 1969; Winter-Spring 1970; Sanctuary Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase VII; Consolidation I; Consolidation II, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for VIETNAM 1967-1968, Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for VIETNAM 1970-1971, Constituted 10 September 1945 in the Army of the United States as the 3352d Engineer Utilities Detachment, Allotted 13 August 1946 to the Regular Army, Activated 28 December 1946 on Okinawa as the 3352d Engineer Utilities Detachment (Philippine Scouts), Inactivated 30 April 1947 on Okinawa; concurrently withdrawn from the Philippine Scouts, Redesignated 5 February 1953 as the 46th Engineer Utilities Detachment, Reorganized and redesignated 1 April 1954 as the 46th Engineer Detachment, Activated 25 June 1959 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, Inactivated 15 July 1982 at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, Activated 16 April 2010 at Fort Carson, Colorado.
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